1 Direct (Scope 1) GHG emissions data covers entities that produce GHGs from fossil fuel combustion in our Energy, Water, Waste Management and Urban businesses. The data excludes emissions from our anaerobic wastewater treatment plants and maintenance and servicing equipment
2 Energy indirect (Scope 2) GHG emissions include location-based data for all our Energy, Water, Waste Management and Urban businesses. In Singapore, our operations purchase energy from our own assets; to avoid double counting, the emissions resulting from these have been accounted for under Scope 1 GHG emissions
3 Indirect (Scope 3) GHG emissions include our fuel and energy-related activities (Category 3) and use of sold products (Category 11), which are most relevant and material to our business
4 GHG emissions intensity refers to the Group’s total GHG direct emissions (Scope 1) from its activities, indirect emissions (Scope 2) from its energy consumption and biogenic emissions from bioenergy feedstocks, divided by total energy generated and purchased, as calculated using an equity share approach for all operations in accordance with the GHG Protocol
5 Our gross installed renewable energy capacity includes wind, solar and energy storage. It refers to 100% of the tested gross capacity of the plant at commercial operation date or after major upgrades, and assumes 100% ownership of the facility
6 Water withdrawal includes all water we extract from the sea, surface, ground or third-party sources such as wastewater from customers or treated water from water utilities
7 Net water consumption is defined as water consumed by our own sites and administrative offices
8 Data for waste generated excludes waste that is collected for incineration by our Waste Management business
9 Health and safety data covers both assets in operation and under construction
10 Data covers employees and contractors as well as members of the public
11 Lost time injury rate is defined as the number of fatalities and lost work day cases per million man-hours worked. It includes high consequence work-related injuries, which refer to injuries that result in permanent disability and / or injuries that require long-term follow-up such as physiotherapy treatment and where the individual is not expected to recover fully to pre-injury health status within six months
12 In 2021, we streamlined our reporting to replace accident severity rate with total recordable injury rate. Total recordable injury rate is defined as the number of fatalities, lost work day cases, medical treatment cases, and restricted work cases per million man-hours worked
13 Data covers both permanent and contract employees
14 Data covers both voluntary and involuntary turnover